Prostate Cancer

The disease of prostate cancer is originated in men aged 60 or above in which malignant (cancerous) cells form in the tissues of the prostate (i.e. a gland below a man's bladder that produces fluid for semen). Prostate is very essential organ in human body as it keeps control of every man's reproductive system. The cancerous cell that forms in prostate cells may spread (metastasize) from the prostate to other parts of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes, which later becomes life threatening. Unlike other cancer, prostate cancer also takes form through two types of tumor- benign and malignant tumors. Benign tumors are not cancerous and less dangerous; whereas malignant tumors are cancerous & perilous for life.

Cause of the disease is not always identified; however some wrongdoing may increase the risk of prostate cancer such as old age, diet high of saturated fat, espouser to heavy metals, race factor (mostly in African & American), sedentary lifestyle, frequent smoking and excessive alcoholic drinking. The most common symptoms that may occur as a result of prostate cancer are such as-blood in the urine or semen, frequent urination, especially at night, inability to urinate, irritating pain or stiffness in the back, hips, upper thighs, or pelvis, painful ejaculation, burning sensation during urination (dysuria),weak or interrupted urinary flow and swelling in legs.

According to the nature of cancerous cells, prostate cancer is categorized in four types which are- Adecarcinomas, Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN), Prostate Carcinoma, and Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Adecarcinomas include its subcategory of leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma and it grow in glandular tissue. The second one (i.e. Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) is state of abnormal growth of cells which eventually become malignant. Prostate Carcinoma usually appears near the surface of the gland and the last 'benign prostatic hyperplasia' (BPH) enlarges and blocks the normal flow of urine.

Treatment of prostate cancer begins after the diagnosis and the type of treatment depends on diagnosis results, nature of the cell types and condition of patient. The tools and techniques which are usually used for the diagnosis of prostate cancer are such as digital rectal exam (DRE), A PSA (prostate specific antigen) test, CT scans or MRI's. The most common treatment for prostate cancer is surgery; however some other treatment procedures are also performed such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biological treatment hormonal therapy, cryosurgery, watchful waiting and follow-up testing or a combination of these approaches.